Course Objective(s):
This course will enable the students to–
develop a perspective towards the mechanistic aspects of different halogen, oxygen and sulphur containing functional groups.
Course Outcomes (COs):
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Course Outcomes |
Teaching Learning Strategies |
Assessment Strategies |
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On completion of this course, the students will be able to- CO40: explain the synthesis and reactivity of various types of aliphatic alcohols (dihydric) and phenols and thiols. CO41: describe the synthesis and reactivity of ethers, thioethers and epoxides. CO42: predict the relative reactivity of different carbonyl compounds (saturated and unsaturated aldehydes and ketones) and their syntheses. CO43: understand the acidity and reactivity of active methylene groups. CO44: outline the synthesis of carboxylic acids and its derivatives and compare the acidity of carboxylic acids, alcohols and phenols. CO45:analyse the factors affecting relative reactivity and stability of various carboxylic acids derivatives. |
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Alkyl halides: Methods of preparation, nucleophilic substitution reactions – SN1, SN2 and SNi mechanisms with stereochemical aspects and effect of solvent etc., nucleophilic substitution vs elimination.
Aryl halides: Preparation, including preparation from diazonium salts, nucleophilic aromatic substitution; SNAr, benzyne mechanism.
Relative reactivity of alkyl, allyl/benzyl, vinyl and aryl halides towards nucleophilic substitution reactions, organometallic compounds of Mg and Li: use in synthesis of organic compounds.
Alcohols: preparation, properties and relative reactivity of 1°, 2°, 3° alcohols, Bouvaelt-Blanc reduction, preparation and properties of glycols: oxidation by periodic acid and lead tetraacetate, pinacol-pinacolone rearrangement.
Phenols: Preparation and properties, acidity and factors effecting it, ring substitution reactions, Reimer–Tiemann and Kolbe’s–Schmidt reactions, Fries and Claisen rearrangements with mechanism.
Ethers and epoxides: preparation and reactions with acids, reactions of epoxides with alcohols, ammonia derivatives and LiAlH4.
Preparation and reactions of thiols and thioethers.
Structure, reactivity and preparation, nucleophilic additions, nucleophilic addition-elimination reactions with ammonia derivatives with mechanism, mechanism of aldol and benzoin condensation, Knoevenagel condensation, Claisen-Schmidt, Perkin, Cannizzaro and Wittig reaction, Beckmann and benzil-benzilic acid rearrangements, haloform reaction and Baeyer Villiger oxidation, α-substitution reactions, oxidations and reductions (Clemmensen, Wolff-Kishner, LiAlH4, NaBH4, MPV, PDC and PGC). Addition reactions of unsaturated carbonyl compounds: Michael addition.
Active methylene compounds: Keto-enol tautomerism, preparation and synthetic applications of diethyl malonate and ethyl acetoacetate.
Preparation, physical properties and reactions of monocarboxylic acids: Typical reactions of dicarboxylic acids, hydroxy acids and unsaturated acids: succinic/phthalic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, maleic and fumaric acids.
Preparation and reactions of sulphonic acids.
Preparation and reactions of acid chlorides, anhydrides, esters and amides,comparative study of nucleophilic substitution at acyl group: mechanism of acidic and alkaline hydrolysis of esters, Claisen condensation, Dieckmann and Reformatsky reactions, Hofmann-bromamide degradation and Curtius rearrangement.
SUGGESTED READINGS:
e-RESOURCES:
Links:
[1] https://chemistry.iisuniv.ac.in/courses/subjects/organic-chemistry-ii-halogen-oxygen-and-sulphur-containing-functional-groups
[2] https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/VirtTxtJml/intro1.htm
[3] https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/chemistry/5-12-organic-chemistry-i-spring-2003/lecture-handouts/
[4] https://ignoutv.in/ignou-che-06-study-material/
[5] https://profiles.uonbi.ac.ke/andakala/files/sch_206-carboxylic_acids.pdf
[6] https://chemistry.iisuniv.ac.in/academic-year/2023-2024