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Chemistry Laboratory II [1]

Paper Code: 
24CCHY202
Credits: 
2
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

This course will enable the students to -

extend the concepts of thermochemistry in calculating the thermodynamic parameters for different systems using suitable techniques

develop a perspective towards the synthesis of some organic compounds and their purification. 

Course Outcomes (COs):

Course

Learning Outcome

(at course level)

Learning and Teaching Strategies

Assessment Strategies

Course Code

Course

Title

 

24CCHY 202

 

Chemistry Laboratory II

(Practical)

 

CO19: Measure the pH of different solutions using a pH meter.

CO20: Determine different kind of enthalpies like enthalpy of neutralization, ionization, hydration and integral enthalpy of solution for different processes.

CO21: Purify compounds through recrystallization and distillation, assess purity through melting and boiling point determinations.

CO22: Synthesize some organic compounds and calculate their yield.

CO23: Compile and report the results efficiently, and develop communications skills.

CO24: Contribute effectively in course-specific interaction.

Approach in teaching:

Laboratory instructions and

demonstrations.

 

Learning activities for the students:

Peer learning, hands-on-learning,

interpretation of data, record writing and learning through virtual labs.

 

Conduction of experiments, lab records, viva voce and quiz.

 

Unit I: 

Physical Chemistry                                                                                                    (30 Hours)

Minor Experiment                                                                                                     

  1. Determination of heat capacity of calorimeter for different volumes.
  2. Measurement of pH of different solutions like aerated drinks, fruit juices, shampoos and soaps (use dilute solutions of soaps and shampoos to prevent damage to the glass electrode) using pH-meter.

 

Major Experiments                                                                                                   

1. Determination of enthalpy of neutralization of hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide.

2. Determination of enthalpy of ionization of acetic acid.

3. Determination of integral enthalpy of solution of salts (KNO3, NH4Cl).

4. Determination of enthalpy of hydration of copper sulphate.

5. Study of the solubility of benzoic acid in water at different temperatures and determination of ΔH.

6. Preparation and measurement of the pH of the following buffer solutions and comparison with theoretical values

(i) Sodium acetate-acetic acid

(ii) Ammonium chloride-ammonium hydroxide

 

Organic Chemistry                                                                                                     (30 Hours)

1. Purification of organic compounds by crystallization (from water and alcohol) and distillation.

2. Criteria of purity: Determination of melting and boiling points.

3. Preparations: Mechanism of various reactions involved to be discussed. Recrystallisation, determination of melting point and calculation of quantitative yields to be done.

(a) Bromination of phenol/aniline

(b) Benzoylation of amines/phenols

(c) Oxime and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of aldehyde/ketone

 

Any other experiment related to above topics may also be carried out in the lab.

 

Scheme of Examination

 

The duration of examination will be 4 hrs.

The following exercises will be set in the examinations

Organic Synthesis                                                                      20 marks    

Physical Chemistry – Minor                                                        10 marks    

Physical Chemistry – Major                                                        28 marks

Viva                                                                                         12 marks

Total                                                                                 70 marks

 

1.Organic Synthesis

This exercise carries 20 marks. 4 marks out of 20 are reserved for neat, methodical and systematic working. The exercise amongst the candidates will be allotted by lot.

The yield, purity, crystallization and recording of M. pt. and proper presentation of the compound shall be taken into account while awarding marks.

 

2.Physical Chemistry Experiment:

Minor experiment

The exercise carries 10 marks. One minor experiment by lot will be given to perform. 3 marks shall be awarded for preparatory work, setting up of an apparatus, neat and methodical work.

07 marks will be awarded for correct observation, use of correct formula, calculation and result within permissible limits as follows:

  • Theory and procedure                                                               2 marks
  • Correct observation and proper recording                                   2 marks
  • Use of correct formula and calculation                                        2 marks
  •  Result                                                                                      1 marks

 

Major experiment

The exercise carries 28 marks. One major experiment by lot will be given to perform. 4 marks shall be awarded for preparatory work, setting up of an apparatus, neat and methodical work.

24 marks will be awarded for correct observation, use of correct formula, calculation and result within permissible limits as follows:

 

  • Theory and procedure                                                               6 marks
  • Correct observation and proper recording                                   6 marks
  • Use of correct formula and calculation                                        6 marks
  • Result                                                                                       6 marks

 

The permissible limit will be decided by the examiner as it varies with the nature of the experiment.

 

3.Viva

Oral questions shall generally be asked over the work assigned to the candidate. The purpose is to find out as to what extent the candidate has understood the basic principles.

 

Essential Readings: 
  1. Advanced Practical Physical Chemistry, Eighteenth Edition; J.B. Yadav; Krishna Prakashan Media, Meerut, 2015.
  2. Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry, 5th edition; A.I. Vogel, A.R. Tatchell, B.S. Furnis,  A.J. Hannaford & P.W.G. Smith; Prentice-Hall, 1996.

 

References: 
  1. Experimental Physical Chemistry, First Edition; V. D. Athawale, P. Mathur; New Age International (P) Ltd. Publishers, New Delhi, 2011.
  2. Practical Organic Chemistry, Fourth Edition; F.C. Mann, B.C. Saunders; Pearson Education Ltd., New Delhi, 2013.
  3. Advanced University Practical Chemistry, Part I, First Edition; P.C. Kamboj, Vishal Publishing House, New Delhi; 2016.

 

e-Resources:

  1. Calorimetry -Heat of Neutralization (Theory) : Physical Chemistry Virtual Lab : Chemical Sciences : Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Virtual Lab [2]
  2. Determine Enthalpy of Neutralization of SA & SB | Bhakti Ma'am | Chemistry Practical | VSA RMD - YouTube [3]
  3. Determination of Solubility of benzoic acid and heat of dissolution | Practical Experiment - YouTube [4]
  4. Determine Enthalpy of Copper Sulphate | Bhakti Ma'am | Chemistry Practical | Vidyasarita RMD Campus - YouTube [5]
  5. https://www.bing.com/videos/search?&q=Bromination+of+Phenol%2fAniline+youtube&cvid=c3f61a21fb0b40e3bbe04291e415d125&aqs=edge..69i57j0l8.7430 [6]
  6. 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNP) tests for aldehydes and ketones. - Bing video [7]
  7. https://byjus.com/jee/purification-of-organic-compounds/ [8]
  8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ibaOBBBkeKI [9] (recrystallization)
  9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GY9I3m-_lK4 [10] (determination of melting point)
  10. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8s8skZ9YgU [11] (determination of melting point)

 

Academic Year: 
2024-2025 [12]

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Source URL: https://chemistry.iisuniv.ac.in/courses/subjects/chemistry-laboratory-ii-1

Links:
[1] https://chemistry.iisuniv.ac.in/courses/subjects/chemistry-laboratory-ii-1
[2] https://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=2&brch=190&sim=1546&cnt=1
[3] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9D6tWM49uM
[4] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vV6XnG4Sl8I
[5] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KsmF4Ff6OBA
[6] https://www.bing.com/videos/search?&q=Bromination+of+Phenol%2fAniline+youtube&cvid=c3f61a21fb0b40e3bbe04291e415d125&aqs=edge..69i57j0l8.7430
[7] https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Oxime+and+2%2c4-dinitrophenylhydrazone+of+aldehyde%2fketone+youtube+video&qs=n&sp=-1&ghc=1&lq=1&pq=oxime+and+2%2c4-dinitrophenylhydrazone+of+aldehyde%2fketone+youtube+video&sc=1-69&sk=&cvid=FB126F74CE93457789679A751E52D8BB&ghsh=0&ghacc=0&ghpl=&ru=%2fsearch%3fq%3dOxime%2band%2b2%252C4-dinitrophenylhydrazone%2bof%2baldehyde%252Fketone%2byoutube%2bvideo%26qs%3dn%26form%3dQBRE%26sp%3d-1%26ghc%3d1%26lq%3d1%26pq%3doxime%2band%2b2%252C4-dinitrophenylhydrazone%2bof%2baldehyde%252Fketone%2byoutube%2bvideo%26sc%3d1-69%26sk%3d%26cvid%3dFB126F74CE93457789679A751E52D8BB%26ghsh%3d0%26ghacc%3d0%26ghpl%3d&view=detail&mmscn=vwrc&mid=A357CC3385451BBA14E6A357CC3385451BBA14E6&FORM=WRVORC
[8] https://byjus.com/jee/purification-of-organic-compounds/
[9] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ibaOBBBkeKI
[10] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GY9I3m-_lK4
[11] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8s8skZ9YgU
[12] https://chemistry.iisuniv.ac.in/academic-year/2024-2025