Coming soon
CHEMISTRY LABORATORY XII
Course Objective(s):
This course will enable the students to –
understand the concept of separation of mixtures containing metal ions.
Course Outcomes (COs):
|
Course Outcomes |
Teaching Learning Strategies |
Assessment Strategies |
|---|---|---|
|
On completion of this course, the students will be able to- CO117:analyse and detect various cations and anions in the presence of each other in a given mixture qualitatively. CO118: perform experiments based on spectrophotometry. CO119: prepare coordination complexes and study their kinetic and crystal field parameters. |
instructions and demonstrations
|
|
Theoretical Principles in Qualitative Analysis (H2S Scheme)
Basic principles involved in analysis of cations and anions and solubility products, common ion effect, principles involved in separation of cations into groups and choice of group reagents, interfering anions (fluoride, borate, oxalate and phosphate) and need to remove them after group II.
Qualitative semi-micro analysis of mixtures containing 3 anions and 3 cations:
CO32-, NO2-, S2-, SO32-,S2O32-, CH3COO-, F-,Cl-, Br-, I-, NO3-, BO33-, C2O42-, PO43-, NH4+, K+,Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Bi3+, Sn2+, Sb3+, Fe3+, Al3+, Cr3+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Ba2+,Sr2+, Ca2+,Mg2+.
Mixtures should preferably contain one interfering anion, orinsoluble component (BaSO4,SrSO4, PbSO4, CaF2 or Al2O3) or combination of anions e.g. CO32-and SO32-, NO2- and NO3-,Cl- and Br-, Cl- and I-, Br-and I-, NO3- and Br-, NO3- and I-.
Spot tests should be done whenever possible.
Spectrophotometry:
- Measurement of 10 Dq by spectrophotometric method.
- Verification of spectrochemical series.
- Controlled synthesis of two copper oxalate hydrate complexes: kinetic vs thermodynamic factors.
- Preparation of acetylacetanato complexes of Cu2+/Fe3+. Find the λmax of the complex.
- Synthesis of ammine complexes of Ni(II) and its ligand exchange reactions (e.g. bidentate ligands like acetylacetone, DMG, glycine) by substitution method.
- Vogel's Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, Seventh Edition; G. Svelha, B. Sivasankar; Pearson Education India,2012.
- Advanced University Practical Chemistry, Part I, First Edition; P.C. Kamboj, Vishal Publishing House, New Delhi; 2013.
SUGGESTED READINGS:
- Advanced Practical Inorganic Chemistry, Twenty Third Edition; Gurdeep Raj; Goel Publishing House, Meerut 2013.
- Semimicro Qualitative analysis, J.P. Tandon, Lal Manohar, R.K. Bansal; University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, 1979.
e-RESOURCES:
- http://amrita.olabs.edu.in/?sub=73&brch=7&sim=31&cnt=7 (Mixture analysis)
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qPjGbrd4nJw (Mixture analysis)
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j3QOGgBIVYc (Preparation)
Scheme of Examination
The duration of examination will be 5 hrs.
The following exercises will be set in the examination
Qualitative Mixture Analysis 36 marks
Spectrophotometry 19 marks
Viva 15 marks
Total 70 marks
Qualitative Mixture Analysis:
An inorganic mixture having 6 radicals carries 36 marks. Mixture should contain either one interfering radical or one insoluble.
6 marks shall be awarded for each radical correctly reported. The distribution of marks will be as follows-
2 marks will be awarded for each correct radical if only dry test or preliminary tests are given. 2 marks may be awarded to a candidate if she has approached in systematic and correct manner towards the analysis upto a group in analysis of basic radical or correct indicative test of acid radical. Remaining 2 mark is reserved for confirmatory test of radical.
Spectrophotometry:
The exercise carries 19 marks. The distribution of marks will be as follows
Theory and procedure 5 marks
Correct observation 5 marks
Use of correct formula and calculation 6 marks
Result 3 marks
Viva
Oral questions shall generally be asked over the work assigned to the candidate. The purpose is to find out as to what extent the candidate has understood the basic principles.
