Green Chemistry

Paper Code: 
24DCHY601(A)
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

This course will enable the students to

apply the basic principles of green chemistry in designing chemical synthesis of compounds, minimization of hazardous waste and identify the challenges in achieving the goals of green chemistry.

 

Course Outcomes: 

Course

Learning Outcome

(at course level)

Learning and Teaching Strategies

Assessment Strategies

Course Code

Course

Title

 

24DCHY 601(A)

 

 

 

Green Chemistry

(Theory)

 

CO71: Describe the goals of Green Chemistry and the need for it in promoting sustainable development.

CO72: Compare alternative green solvents, and evaluate their selectivity, efficiency and industrial applicability in chemical reactions.

CO73: Discuss and apply non- conventional energy sources for chemical reactions, and understand their advantages and limitations in terms of reaction efficiency and selectivity.

CO74: Differentiate between different types of green catalysis and discuss their applications in specific reactions.

CO75: Assess the future trends in Green Chemistry, and their potential impact on sustainable development.

CO76: Contribute effectively in course-specific interaction.

Approach in teaching:

Interactive lectures, tutorials, group discussions and e-learning.

 

Learning activities for the students:

Peer learning, e- learning, problem solving through tutorials and group discussions.

 

 

Written examinations,

assignments and quiz.

 

 

 

 

12.00
Unit I: 
Introduction to Green Chemistry

Need for green chemistry, goals of green chemistry, limitations in the pursuit of the goals of green chemistry. Comprehensive study of twelve basic principles of green chemistry with their examples, designing a green synthesis, prevention/ minimization of hazardous/ toxic products reducing toxicity, calculation of atom economy.

12.00
Unit II: 
Green Solvents

Green Solvents– supercritical fluids, water as a solvent for organic reactions, ionic liquids, fluorous biphasic solvent, PEG, solventless processes, immobilized solvents.

 

12.00
Unit III: 
Non-Conventional Energy sources for reactions

Microwave assisted reactions in water: Hofmann Elimination, methyl benzoate to benzoic acid, oxidation of toluene and alcohols; microwave assisted reactions in organic solvents-Diels-Alder reaction and decarboxylation reaction

Ultrasound assisted reactions: Esterification, saponification, substitution reactions, Alkylations, oxidation, reduction, coupling reaction, Cannizzaro reaction, Strecker synthesis, Reformatsky reaction.

Photochemical reactions.

 

12.00
Unit IV: 
Green Catalysis

Heterogeneous Catalysis-Zeolites, Silica, Alumina, Clay, Polymer (peracid and chromic acid), cyclodextrin etc. supported  catalysts, comparison of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis.

Biocatalysis- Enzymatic oxidation, microbial oxidation and reduction

Phase-transfer Catalysis- application in N-alkylation/C-alkylation, Darzen reaction, Wittig reaction, heterocyclic compounds, 3-alkyl coumarin, flavanones, oxidation using H2O2, use of crown ethers in esterification, aromatic substitution and elimination reaction.

12.00
Unit V: 
Future Trends in Green Chemistry and Some Real World Cases

Oxidation reagents and catalysts, biomimetic, multifunctional reagents, combinatorial green chemistry, proliferation of solventless reactions, co-crystal controlled solid state synthesis (C2S3), green chemistry in sustainable development.

Surfactants for carbon dioxide – replacing smog producing and ozone depleting solvents with CO2 for precision cleaning and dry cleaning of garments.

An efficient green synthesis of a compostable and widely applicable plastic (poly lactic acid) made from corn.

Healthier fats and oil by Green Chemistry- enzymatic interesterification for production of no trans-fats and oils

Development of fully recyclable carpet- cradle to cradle carpeting.

Essential Readings: 
  1. Green Chemistry: Introductory Text, Second Edition; M. Lancaster; Royal Society of Chemistry London, 2010.
  2. Green Chemistry: A textbook, V.K. Ahluwalia; Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 2012

 

References: 
  1. Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, P.T. Anastas and J.C. Warner; Oxford University Press, 1998
  2. Green Chemistry : Environmental Friendly Alternatives , Rashmi Sanghi ,  M.M. Srivastava , Narosa Publishing House, 2006

 

e-Resources:

  1. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/743GE%20Guidebook%202%20-%20Principles_final.pdf (Unit I)
  2. https://www.egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/79931/1/Unit-4.pdf (Unit I and II)
  3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GI8g6x179t0 (Unit I)
  4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S4iwxPyVvxM (Unit III)
  5. https://pubs.rsc.org/no/content/chapterhtml/2016/bk9781782621409-00001?isbn=978-1-78262-140-9 (Unit III)
  6. https://application.wiley-vch.de/books/sample/352730715X_c01.pdf (Unit IV)
  7. https://www.jbc.org/article/S0021-9258(19)82149-X/fulltext (Unit V)
  8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5645069/ (Unit V)
  9. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=pst.000051584153&view=1up&seq=2 (Unit V)

 

Academic Year: 
2024-2025
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