Mechanistic aspects of Hydrocarbons

Paper Code: 
CHY-112
Credits: 
3
Contact Hours: 
45.00
Objective: 

Course Objectives:

This course will enable the students to

1. understand the core concepts of organic chemistry i.e. resonance, hyperconjugation, inductive effect etc. and their qualitative and quantitative treatment.

2. have an in-depth knowledge about alkanes, cycloalkanes, alkenes & alkynes and their reactivity.

Course Outcomes (COs):

Course

Learning outcomes

(at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment

Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

 

 

 

 

CHY-112

 

 

 

Mechanistic aspects of Hydrocarbons

The students will be able to –

CO7: identify & apply the knowledge to understand the behaviour of organic compounds

 CO8: describe the structure, stability, reactivity and mechanistic ability of various hydrocarbons

CO9: identify & illustrate different organic reaction mechanisms.

CO10: predict the products of reactions given by saturated & unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Traditional chalk & board method with interactive lectures

Group discussions

Question preparation

  • Subjective type
  • Long answer
  • Short answer
  • Objective type
  • Multiple choice questions
  • One answer/two answer type questions
  • Assertion and reasoning

 

Oral and written examinations (Scheduled and surprise tests)

 

 Closed-book and open book tests

 

Problem solving exercises

 

 Assignments

 

Quiz

 

Semester End Examination

 

 

12.00
Unit I: 
General treatment of reaction mechanism

Mechanistic classification: Ionic, radical and pericyclic; heterolytic bond cleavage and heterogenic bond formation, homolytic bond cleavage and homogenic bond formation; representation of mechanistic steps using arrow formalism. Reactive intermediates: Generation and stability (brief idea) of carbocations- Classical and nonclassical, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, nitrenes.

 

8.00
Unit II: 
Chemistry of Alkanes & Cycloalkanes

Chemistry of alkanes: Formation of alkanes,chemical reactions with special reference to free radical substitutions: Bond dissociation energies, halogenation - relative reactivity and selectivity.

Chemistry of cycloalkanes: Types, methods of synthesis, chemical reactions

Baeyer strain theory, Theory of strainless ring.

 

11.00
Unit III: 
Chemistry of Alkenes

Hybridization of carbon, cis-trans isomerism, IUPAC nomenclature, general methods of preparation, physical properties. Structure and bonding in alkenes, methods of synthesis and chemical reactions, Mechanism of E1, E2, E1CB reactions(a brief idea). Saytzeff and Hoffmann eliminations. Electrophilic additions and their mechanisms (Markownikoff/Anti Markownikoff addition), mechanism of oxymercuration-demercuration, hydroboration-oxidation, ozonolysis, reduction (catalytic and chemical), syn and anti hydroxylation (oxidation). Addition of singlet and triplet carbenes, Regioselectivity.

 

8.00
Unit IV: 
Chemistry of Dienes

Structure and stability of conjugative and cumulative dienes, resonance and molecular orbital structure of allene and 1,3-butadiene; methods of preparation, addition of hydrogen halides to conjugated dienes – 1,4 v/s 1,2 addition (formation, structure and stability of allylic carbocation and free radicals). An elementary concept of orbital symmetry & it’s application to  Diels-Alder reaction. Allylic and benzylic bromination.

 

 

6.00
Unit V: 
Chemistry of Alkynes

Nomenclature, Formation and reactions of alkynes,structure& stability, acidity, electrophilic and nucleophilic additions. Hydration to form carbonyl compounds, alkylation of terminal alkynes, reduction of alkynes –catalytic hydrogenation, dissolving metal reduction.

References: 
  • Organic Chemistry; Fourth Edition, Indian Edition; G. Marc Loudon; Oxford University Press, New York,2008.
  • Organic Chemistry; Sixth Edition; G. Marc Loudon, J. Parise; WH Freeman, New York, 2015.
  • Organic Chemistry; Seventh Edition; R. T. Morrison, R. N. Boyd, S.K. Bhattacharjee; Pearson Education India, New Delhi, 2010.
  • Reaction Mechanism in Organic Chemistry; Third Edition; S.M. Mukherjee and S.P. Singh; Laxmi Publications, New Delhi, 2007.

 

Academic Year: