Nitrogen containing functional groups, Natural products and Drugs

Paper Code: 
CHY 412
Credits: 
3
Contact Hours: 
45.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Course Objectives:

This course will enable the students to -

  1. Provide students a clear understanding of environmental concerns and to follow sustainable development practices
  2. Analyze concepts and methods from ecological and physical sciences and their application in environmental problem solving

 

Course Outcomes (COs):

Course

Learning outcomes

(at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment

Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

 

 

 

 

 

CHY-412

Nitrogen containing functional groups, Natural products and Drugs

 

 

 

 

 

The students will be able to –

 

CO103: describe some of the important methods of preparation and properties of aliphatic and aromatic nitro and amino compounds mechanistically.(comprehension)

CO104: understand about the different dyes, their chemical structure and reactivity. (understand)

CO105: outline mechanisms for reactions involving heterocycles (five and six membered) as starting materials and propose syntheses of heterocycles from the major classes. (understand and apply)

 CO106: understand the different types of alkaloids, &terpenoids, their chemistry and medicinal importance. (understand and comprehension)

CO107: understand the structure and medicinal importance of some important antipyretic, analgesics, antibotics, antimalarials and sulpha drugs. (understand and comprehension)

Interactive Lectures

 

Group discussions

 

Tutorials

 

Quiz

 

Problem solving sessions

Multiple choice questions

 

Assertions and reasoning

 

Short answer questions

 

Long answer questions

 

Assignments

 

Quiz

 

 

 

9.00
Unit I: 
Nitrogen Containing Functional Groups

Preparation and important reactions of nitro compounds, nitriles and isonitriles

Amines: Effect of substituent and solvent on basicity; Preparation and properties: Gabriel phthalimide synthesis, Hoffmann bromamide reaction, Carbylamine reaction, Mannich reaction, Hoffmann’s exhaustive methylation, Hofmann-elimination reaction; Distinction between 1°, 2° and 3° amines with Hinsberg reagent and nitrous acid, amines as phase transfer catalyst.

 

 

7.00
Unit II: 
Synthetic Dyes

Diazonium Salts: Preparation and their synthetic applications.Colour and constitution (electronic concept), classification of dyes, chemistry and synthesis of methyl orange, congo red, malachite green, crystal violet, phenolphthalein, fluorescein, alizarin and indigo.

10.00
Unit III: 
Heterocyclic Compounds

Classification and nomenclature, Structure, aromaticity in 5-membered and 6-membered rings.

containing one heteroatom; Synthesis, reactions and mechanism of substitution reactions of: Furan, Pyrrole, Thiophene, Pyridine, Pyrimidine, Indole, quinoline and isoquinoline.

 

 

 

10.00
Unit IV: 
Alkaloids and Terpenes

Natural occurrence, General structural features, Isolation and their physiological action, Emde’s modification, Structure elucidation and synthesis of Nicotine. Medicinal importance of Nicotine, Hygrine, Quinine, Morphine, Cocaine, and Reserpine.

Occurrence, classification, isoprene rule; Elucidation of structure and synthesis of Citral and α- terpineol.

 

9.00
Unit V: 
Pharmaceutical Compounds: Structure and Importance

Classification, structure and therapeutic uses of antipyretics: Paracetamol (with synthesis), Analgesics: Ibuprofen (with synthesis), Phenacetin, Aspirin, Antimalarials: Chloroquine (with synthesis). An elementary treatment of Antibiotics and detailed study of chloramphenicol.Mechanism of Drug Action( brief idea), Sulpha drugs: sulphadiazine (sulpha pyrimidine), sulpha guanidine, sulphamethazine, sulpha pyridine.

References: 
  • Organic Chemistry, Vol 2; Sixth Edition; I.L. Finar; Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2002.
  • Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry; Seventh Edition; David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox; W H Freeman, 2017.

 

Academic Year: 
2020-2021
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