BIOMOLECULES

Paper Code: 
CHY 512
Credits: 
3
Contact Hours: 
45.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Course Objective(s):

This course will enable the students to -

  • understand the basic processes which link the biological systems with the chemical systems.
  • have an insight about the three-dimensional (3D) structure of macromolecules

Course Outcomes

Teaching Learning Strategies

Assessment

Strategies

On completion of this course, the students will be able to –

CO135: discuss the structures, preparations and chemical reactivity of polynuclear hydrocarbons and their important derivatives.

 CO136: describe the structure and functions of carbohydrates & differentiate between simple and complex structures of the same.

CO137: sketch a detailed account of nucleic acids and their components with special emphasis on polynucleotides like DNA and RNA.

CO138: summarize the functions of amino acids, peptides & proteins and identify the influence of the three dimensional shape and subunits of a protein on its function.

 CO139: discuss the composition and functioning of lipids with reference to their characteristic properties like iodine value, saponification, hydrogenation and reversion.
  • Class lectures
  • Tutorials
  • Group discussions
  • Use of models
  • Assertion and reasoning
  • Technology enabled learning
  • Peer learning

 
  • Oral and written examinations
  • Problem solving exercises
  • Assignments
  • Quiz
  • Efficient delivery using seminar presentations
  • Group activity
  • Multiple choice questions
  • Short answer type questions
  • Assertion and reasoning

 

 

 

9.00
Unit I: 
Polynuclear Hydrocarbons

Introduction, types of polynuclear hydrocarbons, Fries rule, annelation effect.
Structure, preparation, important reactions and derivatives of- naphthalene (naphthols and naphthyl amines), anthracene (anthraquinone) and phenanthrene (phenanthraquinone)

 

9.00
Unit II: 
Carbohydrates

Occurrence, classification and biological importance
Monosaccharides- constitution, absolute configuration of glucose and fructose, epimers and anomers, mutarotation, determination of ring size of glucose and fructose, Haworth projections and conformational structures, interconversions of aldoses and ketoses, Killiani-Fischer synthesis and Ruff & Wohl degradation.
Disaccharides- structure of maltose, lactose and sucrose, α & β glycosidic linkages, reducing & non-reducing sugars
Polysaccharides (elementary idea)- starch and glycogen

 

9.00
Unit III: 
Amino acids, Peptides & Proteins

Amino acids- introduction and classification
α-Amino Acids- synthesis, physical properties (Zwitter ions, pKa values, isoelectric point and electrophoresis) and reactions
Peptides- determination of structures- end group analysis, methods of peptide synthesis using N-protecting, C-protecting and C-activating groups, solid-phase synthesis.
Proteins- introduction, classification and structures, denaturation and renaturation.

 

9.00
Unit IV: 
Nucleic Acids

Components- nucleosides and nucleotides, DNA, RNA and their structures
Structure and synthesis of- adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil and thymine
Two-step formation of polynucleotides.

 

0.00
Unit V: 
Lipids

Introduction, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, biological importance, hydrogenation, saponification value, acid value, iodine number, reversion and rancidity.
Soaps and detergents- structure and cleaning action.

 

Essential Readings: 
  • Organic Chemistry, Vol 2, Sixth Edition; I. L. Finar; Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2002.
  • Organic Chemistry, Sixth Edition; R. T. Morrison, R. N. Boyd; Pearson Education India, New Delhi, 2017.

 

References: 

SUGGESTED READINGS

  • Organic Chemistry, Fourth Edition (Indian Edition); G. Marc Loudon, J. Parise; WH Freeman, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2008.
  • Organic Chemistry; Twelfth Edition; T.W. Graham Solomons, Craig B. Fryhle, S.A. Syndes; John Wiley and Sons, Inc. USA, 2016.

e-RESOURCES

 

Academic Year: 
2022-2023
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