Biomolecules and Bio-organic Chemistry

Paper Code: 
CHY 425 (B)
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Course Objectives :

The course aims to endow students with the knowledge of the structure-function relationship of biomolecules, and their importance with regard to maintenance and perpetuation of the living systems.

Course Outcomes (Cos):                                                                                                                                 

COURSE

Learning outcomes (at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

CHY 425(B)

Biomolecules and Bio-organic Chemistry

 The students will be able to-

 

CO148-demonstrate remarkable properties and functions of enzymes and illustrate mechanisms of enzyme catalyzed reactions.

CO149-describe major pathways of carbohydrate metabolism.

CO150-recognize the structures of amino acids and elucidate common pathways of amino acid catabolism.

CO151-summarize the functions of proteins and identify the influence of the three-dimensional shape and subunits of a protein on its function.

CO152-analyse the role of fat in energy production, membrane synthesis, and production of bioactive molecules and describe the structure, biosynthesis, oxidation and storage of fatty acids.

CO153-learn the structure and functions of  RNA and DNA.

CO154-correlate how the biomolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids are made from the simple precursors.

CO155-interpret the structure-function relationships of the proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids.         

 Class lectures

 

Tutorials

 

Group discussions

 

Question preparation:

Subjective type-

Long answer

Short answer

Objective type-

Multiple choice questions

One answer/two answer type questions

Assertion and reasoning

PowerPoint Presentation

 

Written test

 

Google Quiz

 

Assignment

 

Semester End Exam
 

 

14.00
Unit I: 
Enzymes

Remarkable properties of enzymes like catalytic power, specificity and regulation, nomenclature and classification. Fischer's lock and key and Koshland's induced fit hypothesis.Enzyme kinetics: Michaelis-Menten and Lineweaver-Burk plots, Bisubstrate reactions. Enzyme inhibition. Factors affecting enzyme catalysis.Examples of some typical enzyme mechanisms for Chymotrypsin, Ribonuclease, Lysozyme, & Carboxipeptidase A.

Affinity labeling and enzyme modification by site-directed mutagenesis.

12.00
Unit II: 
Carbohydrate Metabolism

Structure & classification of carbohydrates. Glycolysis, fate of pyruvate under anaerobic conditions, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport system), gluconeogenesis and glucogenolysis, C4 pathway, pentose phosphate pathway and photosynthesis: C3, C4 & CAM pathway

 

12.00
Unit III: 
Protein Metabolism and Disorders

Classification of amino acids. Degradation of amino acids (C3, C4, C5 family), urea cycle, uric acid and ammonia formation. Proteins (Structure and Functions): Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure. Extraction and purification techniques.

 

12.00
Unit IV: 
Lipids

Classification and nomenclature of Fatty acids. Classification, Structure and functions of lipids. Biosynthesis of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, ketone bodies, membrane lipids-cholesterol, phospholipid and glycolipid, biosynthesis of fat soluble vitamins, biosynthesis of Eicosonoids (prostaglandin, leucotriens and thromboxane). Metabolism of lipid and fat bodies: Beta-oxidation and channelling of the products to ATP production: Minor pathway of fatty acid oxidation: Alpha and omega oxidation.

10.00
Unit V: 
Nucleic Acids

Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis, structure and functions of DNA, RNA (m-RNA, t-RNA, r-RNA), an overview of gene expression (replication, transcription and translation), genetic code (origin, Wobble hypothesis and other important features).

 

References: 
  • Bioorganic Chemistry: A Chemical Approach to Enzyme Action; Third Edition, Herman Dugas, Springer,New York,2012.
  • Lehninger Principles of BiochemistryInternational Edition;Seventh Edition; David L. Nelson and Michael Cox; W.H. Freeman, 2017.
  • Biochemistry; Ninth Edition; L. Stryer; W.H. Freeman and Company, 2019.
  • Biochemistry; J. David Rawn, Panima Publishing Corporation, New Delhi, 2004.
  • Biochemistry; Fourth Edition; D. Voet; John Wiley and Sons, 2011.
  • Outline of Biochemistry; Fifth Edition; E.E. Conn and P.K. Stumpf; Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi, 2006.
  • Chemistry and the Living Organism; Sixth Edition; M.M. Bloomfield; John Wiley and Sons, 1995.

 

Academic Year: 
2020-2021
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