Biomolecules and Bioorganic Chemistry

Paper Code: 
CHY-425 B
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Course Objectives :

The course aims to endow students with the knowledge of the structure-function relationship of biomolecules, and their importance with regard to maintenance and perpetuation of the living systems.

Course Outcomes (COs):                                                                                                                         

COURSE

Learning outcomes (at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

CHY 425(B)

Biomolecules and Bio-organic Chemistry

 The students will be able to-

 

CO160-discuss the properties and functions of enzymes and outline mechanisms of enzyme catalyzed reactions.

CO161-describe major pathways of carbohydrate metabolism.

CO162-recognize the structures of amino acids and elucidate common pathways of amino acid catabolism.

CO163-summarize the functions of proteins and identify the influence of the three-dimensional shape and subunits of a protein on its function.

CO164-analyse the role of fat in energy production, membrane synthesis, and production of bioactive molecules and describe the structure, biosynthesis, oxidation and storage of fatty acids.

CO165-learn the structure and functions of  RNA and DNA.

CO166-correlate how the biomolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids are made from the simple precursors.

CO167-interpret the structure-function relationships of the proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids.         

 Class lectures

 

Tutorials

 

Group discussions

 

Question preparation:

Subjective type-

Long answer

Short answer

Objective type-

Multiple choice questions

One answer/two answer type questions

Assertion and reasoning

PowerPoint Presentation

 

Written test

 

Google Quiz

 

Assignment

 

Semester End Exam
 

 

Unit I: 
Enzymes

Remarkable properties of enzymes like catalytic power, specificity and regulation, nomenclature and classification. Fischer's lock and key and Koshland's induced fit hypothesis. Enzyme kinetics: Michaelis-Menten and Lineweaver-Burk plots, Bisubstrate reactions. Enzyme inhibition. Factors affecting enzyme catalysis. Examples of some typical enzyme mechanisms for Chymotrypsin, Ribonuclease, Lysozyme, & Carboxipeptidase A.

Affinity labeling and enzyme modification by site-directed mutagenesis.

12.00
Unit II: 
Carbohydrate Metabolism

Structure & classification of carbohydrates. Glycolysis, fate of pyruvate under anaerobic conditions, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport system), gluconeogenesis and glucogenolysis, C4 pathway, pentose phosphate pathway and photosynthesis: C3, C4 & CAM pathway.

12.00
Unit III: 
Protein Metabolism and Disorders

Classification of amino acids. Degradation of amino acids (C3, C4, C5 family), urea cycle, uric acid and ammonia formation. Proteins (Structure and Functions): primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure. Extraction and purification techniques.

12.00
Unit IV: 
Lipids

Classification and nomenclature of Fatty acids, Classification, Structure and functions of lipids. Biosynthesis of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, Ketone bodies, membrane lipids-cholesterol, phospholipid and glycolipid, biosynthesis of fat soluble vitamins, biosynthesis of Eicosonoids (prostaglandin, leucotriens and thromboxane).Metabolism of Lipid and fat bodies: Beta-oxidation and channelling of the products to ATP production: minor pathway of fatty acid oxidation: alpha and omega oxidation.

10.00
Unit V: 
Nucleic Acids

Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis, structure and functions of DNA, RNA (m-RNA, t-RNA, r-RNA), an overview of gene expression (replication, transcription and translation), genetic code (origin, Wobble hypothesis and other important features).

References: 
  • Bioorganic Chemistry: A Chemical Approach to Enzyme Action; Third Edition, Herman Dugas, Springer, New York,2012.
  • Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry International Edition; Seventh Edition; David L. Nelson and Michael Cox; W.H. Freeman, 2017.
  • Biochemistry; Ninth Edition; L. Stryer; W.H. Freeman and Company, 2019.
  • Biochemistry; J. David Rawn, Panima Publishing Corporation, New Delhi, 2004.
  • Biochemistry; Fourth Edition; D. Voet; John Wiley and Sons, 2011.
  • Outline of Biochemistry; Fifth Edition; E.E. Conn and P.K. Stumpf; Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi, 2006.
  • Chemistry and the Living Organism; Sixth Edition; M.M. Bloomfield; John Wiley and Sons, 1995.
Academic Year: 
2021-2022
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