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CHEMISTRY LABORATORY XVII
Course Objective(s):
This course will enable the students to -
develop experimental skills of various instruments (spectrophotometer, pH meter, polarimeter etc.) and gain knowledge of basic terms regarding phase equilibrium, thermochemistry, optical measurement and Lambert-Beer law.
Course Outcomes (COs):
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Course Outcomes |
Teaching Learning Strategies |
Assessment Strategies |
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On completion of this course, the students will be able to- CO153: calibrate and operate a variety of scientific instrument to perform observations related to the experiment. CO154: evaluate rate constant using polarimeter. CO155: explain the principles behind the experiments performed in the lab and calculate these values (stability constant, pKa value, partial molar volume) CO156: perform experiments based on pH-metry, potentiometry, phase equilibria and spectrophotometry. CO157: perform scientific experiments as well as accurately record experimental data with proper significant figure and analyze the results of such experiments. |
instructions and demonstrations
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A list of experiments under different headings is given below. Students are required to perform 8-10 experiments (minimum two from each category).
Phase Equilibrium
- To determine the solubility diagram for a three component liquid system chloroform, acetic acid and water / toluene, acetic acid and water / benzene ethanol and water. To discuss the diagram in light of phase, component and degree of freedom.
- Nernst Distribution Law: To determine the formula of a complex ion formed between cupric ion and ammonia by distribution method.
- To study the freezing point curve of two-component simple eutectic system (acetamide-benzoic acid/naphthalene-benzoic acid)
Polarimeter
- To determine the specific and molecular rotation of an optically active substance.
- To determine the rate constant of the inversion of cane sugar in the presence of hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid by using a polarimeter and evaluate the relative strength of the two acids.
pH Metry
- To titrate the given mixture of CO3-2 and HCO3- ions against a strong acid, 0.1N HCl solution and to determine their strength.
- To determine pKa values of tribasic acid (H3PO4) against a strong base (NaOH).
- To determine the acidic and basic dissociation constant of an amino acid and hence its isoelectric point.
- To determine of pKa values of maleic/malonic acid by potentiometric titration with NaOH using glass electrode.
Spectrophotometry
- To determine the acid dissociation constant (pKa value) of methyl red.
- To determine the composition of the binary mixture containing K2Cr2O7 & KMnO4/ crystal violet & aurine / N-butyl acetanilide & benzyl benzoate.
- To determine the strength of a base by spectrophotometric method.
- To analyse a mixture of copper (II) and bismuth (III) ions by colorimetric titration with EDTA.
- To determine the composition of copper and iron (III) solution by spectrophotometric titration with EDTA.
- Advanced Practical Physical Chemistry, Thirtieth Edition; J. B. Yadav; Krishna Prakashan Media Pvt. Ltd., Meerut, 2015.
- Experimental Physical Chemistry, First Edition; V. D. Athawale and P. Mathur; New age International (P) Ltd. Publishers, New Delhi, 2011.
SUGGESTED READINGS:
- Experiments in Physical Chemistry, Fifth Edition; D. P. Shoemaker, C. W. Garland and J. W. Nibler, Mc Graw-Hill, New York, 1998.
- Introductory Practical Physical Chemistry, D. T. Burns and E. M. Rattenbury, Pergamon Press, 1966.
e-RESOURCES:
- https://uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/media/lectures/4/4_2017_10_31!07_03_41_AM.pdf (Phase Equilibrium)
- http://www2.sci.u-szeged.hu/physchem/indexh_html_files/sugar.pdf (Polarimeter)
- https://chemcollective.org/chem/fau/gc28n.html (pH metry)
Scheme of Examination
The duration of examination will be 5 hrs.
The following exercise will be set in the examination
Physical Chemistry Experiment (any two) 55 marks
Viva 15 marks
Total 70 marks
The students will be allotted two experiments to perform in the lab. Two exercises carries 27 & 28 marks. The exercises in Physical chemistry can be modified by the examiners and the same will be explained to the candidates. However, such modifications will not involve any departure from the basic principles over which experiments are prescribed in the syllabus.
The distribution of marks will be as follows:
Theory and procedure 3 marks
Correct observation 7 marks
Use of correct formula 7 marks
Calculation 7 marks
Result 3 marks / 4 marks
No marks for calculation will be awarded to a candidate for not calculating the result. The permissible error will depend on the nature of the experiment. Generally, + 10% error may be taken as permissible error for experiments involving potentiometric and conductometric measurements. The constancy in values or rate constants may be taken into consideration while awarding marks in experiments on chemical kinetics. One mark shall be deducted for each + 2% error over the permissible limit.
Viva
Oral questions shall generally be asked over the work assigned to the candidate. The purpose is to find out up to what extent the candidate has an understanding the basic principles.
