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Environmental Chemistry
Paper Code:
CHY - 514
Credits:
3
Contact Hours:
45.00
Max. Marks:
100.00
10.00
Unit I:
General Aspects of Environment
Concept of Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Components (Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere and Biosphere); Composition of Air, water, soil; Atmosphere and its interaction with Hydrosphere, Lithosphere and Biosphere. Vertical temperature and vertical structure of the atmosphere. Environmental pollution-An Introduction, Pollutants, Types & Classification of Pollutants. An introduction to Biogeochemical Cycles in Environment-detailed study of Nitrogen cycle; Biological Control of Chemical factors in the Environment; Production and Decomposition in nature; Bio distribution of elements.
7.00
Unit II:
Air and Energy
Introduction; Chemical and Photochemical reactions in the atmosphere; Effects and control of air pollutants-Gaseous, Particulates; air pollution meteorology. Climate change in the future: Predictions, Consequences and controls Renewable Energy; Alternative clean fuels- Solar, Hydrogen, Nuclear etc.
10.00
Unit III:
Enhanced Atmospheric Effects
Green House Effect : Green house gases; Major sources of green house gases; Green house effect and climate change.
Acid Rain: Introduction; acid rain precursor, their aqueous and gas phase atmospheric
oxidation reactions; damaging effects on aquatic life, plants, buildings and health; acid rain control strategies.
Ozone depletion : Ozone layer and its chemistry; high absorption by molecules; biological consequences of ozone depletion; creation; non-catalytic and catalytic process of ozone destruction; Aerosols; Smog formation.
10.00
Unit IV:
Environmental Toxicology
Introduction; threshold limiting value (TLV); Toxicity and control of Toxicants-- Non Metallic Compounds, Asbestos, Organic Compounds, Endocrine Disrupters, Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP’s), Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB’s), Dioxins, Pesticides, Phthalates, Heavy Metals- As, Hg, Cd, Pb.
Nuclear Pollution: Disposal of nuclear waste, nuclear disaster and its Management.
8.00
Unit V:
Green Chemistry
History, Need and Goals. Green Chemistry and Sustainability and background of Green Chemistry, twelve Basic principles of Green Chemistry, Designing a Green Synthesis.
References:
- Environmental Chemistry, Sixth Edition; Stanley E. Manahan; Lewis publishers, Boston.
- Environmental Chemistry, First Edition; Colin Baird; W.H. Freeman and company, New York, 1998.
- Environmental Chemistry, Fourth Edition; A. K. De; New Age International Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2003
- Chemistry of the Environment, Second Edition; Thomas G. Spiro & William M. Stigliani; Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2002.
- Environmental Chemistry, A Global Perspective; Gary W. Vanloon & Stephen J. Duffy; Oxford University Press, New York, 2000.
- Green Chemistry: Introductory Text. M. Lancaster Royal Society of Chemistry (London)
