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Heterocyclic Chemistry
To learn about synthetic organic chemistry and medicinal chemistry for research purposes.
Self Study: General chemical behaviour of aromatic heterocycles, classification (structural type), criteria of aromaticity (bond lengths, ring current and chemical shifts in 1H NMR-spectra, empirical resonance energy, delocalization energy and Dewar resonance energy, diamagnetic susceptibility exaltations), heteroaromatic reactivity and tautomerism in aromatic heterocycles.
Replacement and systematic nomenclature (Hantzsch-Widman system) for monocyclic, fused and bridged heterocycles.
Strain-bond angle and torsional strains and their consequences in small ring heterocycles.
Conformation of six-membered heterocycles with reference to molecular geometry, barrier to ring inversion, pyramidal inversion and 1,3-diaxial interaction; stereo-electronic effects – anomeric and related effects; attractive interactions – hydrogen bonding and intermolecular nucleophilic-electrophilic interactions.
Three-membered and four membered heterocycles – synthesis and reactions of aziridines, oxiranes, thiiranes, azetidines, oxetanes and thietanes, five membered heterocycles : synthesis and reactions of 1,2 and 1,3 diazales, oxazoles, thiazoles, triazoles, oxidiazole, thiadiazole, tetrazole.
Synthesis and reactions including medicinal applications of benzopyrroles, benzofurans and benzothiophenes Meso-ionic heterocycles: classification, chemistry of some important meso-ionic heterocycles of type-A and B and their applications.
With one heteroatom: synthesis and reactions of pyrilium salts and pyrones and their comparison with pyridinium and thiopyrylium salts and pyridones; synthesis and reactions of quinolizinium and benzopyrylium salts, coumarins and chromones.
With two or more heteroatoms: synthesis and reactions of diazines, triazines, tetrazines and thiazines.
1. Heterocyclic Chemistry Vol. 1-3; First Edition; R.R. Gupta, M. Kumar and V. Gupta; Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1998.
2. Heterocyclic Chemistry; Fourth Edition; J.A. Joule and K.Mills; Blackwell Science Ltd., London, 2000.
3. Heterocyclic Chemistry; T.L. Gilchrist; Longman Scientific and Technical.
4. An Introduction to the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds; Second Edition; R.M. Acheson; John Wiley and Sons, New Delhi, 1976.
5. Contemporary Heterocyclic Chemistry; G.R. Newkome and W.W. Paudler; Wiley Interscience
