Cement: Types of cement, manufacturing process, composition and hydration of Portland cement, blended cement, admixture in cement and concrete.

Ceramics: Introduction, types, manufacturing process, refractories and their commercial applications.

Hands-on Exercises:

1. Analysis of cement and building materials: Silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, ferric oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sulphur trioxide, sulphide- sulphur, sodium and potassium oxide, loss on ignition.
2. Analysis of Ceramics: Determination of titanium dioxides and aluminium oxide from oxide ceramics.

Dairy Chemistry: Milk and milk products, composition and structure of milk, effect of heat on milk and milk processing.

Hands-on Exercises:

1. Identification of adulterants in milk and milk products. 
2. Determination of titratable Acidity as Lactic acid in milk
3. Determination of calcium and magnesium by EDTA method
4. Determination of casein in milk
5. Clot on boiling test
6. Test for presence of skimmed milk powder in natural milk 

Pigments: General characteristics  and types of pigments.

Paints: General characteristics and classification of paints, their functions and function of solvent, thinner, dyes, filler, resins, drier, insecticides and additives in paint formulations.

Hands-on Exercises:

Synthesis of inorganic pigments (any three)

• Zinc oxide
• Lead chromate
• Zinc chromate
• Prussian Blue
• Malachite Green

Importance of Paper industry, characteristics and composition of different papers, various fibrous raw materials for paper manufacture. Classification of Hardwood and Softwoods. Preparation of raw materials (De-barking, chipping, screening and conveying). Pulping and different pulping processes (Mechanical pulping, alkaline pulping, acid pulping and semi chemical pulping). Washing and bleaching of pulp. Effluents from paper industry and their treatment. Stock preparation (Beating, refining, sizing and loading).

Industrial visit for demonstration for following process:

a)     Manufacture of paper on paper machine

b)    Pre hydrolysis Kraft and soda-pulping

c)     Alkaline Sulphite pulping.

d)    Pulp analysis - Kappa/Permanganate number, copper number viscosity and lignin.

e)     Waste paper processing/deinking and evaluation.

Testing of different properties of pulp and paper.

Various textile chemical processes such as bleaching, dyeing and printing (cotton, wool and silk). Introduction to the following reaction and their application in textile chemistry. i. Nitration ii. Sulphonation iii. Halogenation iv. Diazotization.

Hands-on Exercises:

1. Synthesis of various dyes.
2. Determination of colour fastener properties.

Industrial visits would be planned for the enhancement of skills for the technical processes involved in these industries.

Scheme of Examination

The duration of examination will be 4 hrs.

The following exercises will be set in the examination

1. Sample analysis

The students will be allotted two samples for quality testing (Five marks each).

5 marks shall be further divided as-

2 marks will be awarded to a candidate if she has approached in a systematic and correct manner towards the testing of samples and three marks will be awarded for each test correctly reported and properly recorded.

2.Quantitative Analysis:

The exercise carries 25 marks. The distribution of marks will be as follows:

5 marks will be reserved for the preparation of solutions, neat methodical and systematic working of the candidate.

The remaining 20 marks will be distributed as follows:

• Theory                                                        3 marks
• Correct observation and proper recording     3 marks
• Use of correct formula and calculation          4 marks
• Result                                                         10 marks

3.Preparation:

The exercise amongst the candidates will be allotted by lot. Preparation of the product carries 15 marks. 5 marks out of 15 are reserved for neat, methodical and systematic working. The yield, purity and proper presentation of the product shall be taken into account while awarding marks.

4.Viva:

Oral questions shall generally be asked over the work assigned to the candidate.

The semester end examination paper would be set by the internal examiner. The mode of examination would be both practical as well as theory. The candidates are expected to write both theory and practical component compulsorily in examination answer sheet.

The duration of the examination will be 5 hrs.