Inorganic Chemistry IV

Crystal Field Theory:  Postulates, splitting of dⁿ configurations in octahedral, square planar and tetrahedral fields, spectrochemical series , factors affecting the magnitude of  Δ_0,  crystal field stabilization energy in weak and strong fields; pairing energy, _, distribution of d-electrons in t_2g and e_g orbitals in octahedral and tetrahedral complexes, distortion of octahedral complexes, crystal field splitting of d-orbitals in square planar complexes and Jahn Teller theorem; use of CFSE values, number of unpaired electrons and high spin (HS) and low spin (LS) complexes, applications and limitations of CFT.

Types of magnetism, types of magnetic behaviour , orbital and spin magnetic moments, methods of determining magnetic susceptibility by Gouy’s balance, spin only moments of dⁿ ions and their correlation with effective magnetic moments, including orbital contribution; quenching of magnetic moment: super exchange and antiferromagnetic interactions (elementary idea with examples only); applications of magnetic moment data for transition complexes.

Types of electronic transitions; coupling of orbital angular momenta and spin angular momenta (in p² and d² configuration), spin orbit coupling/LS coupling, determining the ground state terms – Hund’s rule, hole formulation, calculation of the number of micro states; selection rules- Laporte ‘orbital’ selection rule, spin selection rule, spectroscopic ground states; Orgel energy level diagram for d¹-d⁹ states, (one electron – one hole ), discussion of electronic spectrum of [Ti(H₂O)₆]⁺³ complex, charge transfer spectra (elementary idea).

Requirements of gravimetry: properties of precipitates and precipitating regents, particle size and filterability of precipitates, colloidal and crystalline precipitates, co-precipitation and post-precipitation, drying and ignition of precipitates, principles of gravimetric estimation of chloride, phosphate, zinc, iron, aluminum and magnesium singly.

Uses of Reagents in inorganic analysis: Potassium Bromate, Potassium permanganate Potassium Iodate, Ceric Ammonium Sulphate, Ammonium Vanadate, Cupferron, Dithiozone ,Orthophenanthroline, Diphenyl Carbazides.