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Mechanistic aspects of Hydrocarbons
Course Objectives:
This course will enable the students to
1. understand the core concepts of organic chemistry i.e. resonance, hyperconjugation, inductive effect etc. and their qualitative and quantitative treatment.
2. have an in-depth knowledge about alkanes, cycloalkanes, alkenes & alkynes and their reactivity.
Course Outcomes (COs):
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Course |
Learning outcomes (at course level) |
Learning and teaching strategies |
Assessment Strategies |
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Paper Code |
Paper Title |
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CHY-112 |
Mechanistic aspects of Hydrocarbons |
The students will be able to – CO7: identify & apply the knowledge to understand the behaviour of organic compounds CO8: describe the structure, stability, reactivity and mechanistic ability of various hydrocarbons CO9: identify & illustrate different organic reaction mechanisms. CO10: predict the products of reactions given by saturated & unsaturated hydrocarbons. |
Traditional chalk & board method with interactive lectures Group discussions Question preparation
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Oral and written examinations (Scheduled and surprise tests)
Closed-book and open book tests
Problem solving exercises
Assignments
Quiz
Semester End Examination
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Mechanistic classification: Ionic, radical and pericyclic; heterolytic bond cleavage and heterogenic bond formation, homolytic bond cleavage and homogenic bond formation; representation of mechanistic steps using arrow formalism. Reactive intermediates: Generation and stability (brief idea) of carbocations- Classical and nonclassical, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, nitrenes.
Chemistry of alkanes: Formation of alkanes,chemical reactions with special reference to free radical substitutions: Bond dissociation energies, halogenation - relative reactivity and selectivity.
Chemistry of cycloalkanes: Types, methods of synthesis, chemical reactions
Baeyer strain theory, Theory of strainless ring.
Hybridization of carbon, cis-trans isomerism, IUPAC nomenclature, general methods of preparation, physical properties. Structure and bonding in alkenes, methods of synthesis and chemical reactions, Mechanism of E1, E2, E1CB reactions(a brief idea). Saytzeff and Hoffmann eliminations. Electrophilic additions and their mechanisms (Markownikoff/Anti Markownikoff addition), mechanism of oxymercuration-demercuration, hydroboration-oxidation, ozonolysis, reduction (catalytic and chemical), syn and anti hydroxylation (oxidation). Addition of singlet and triplet carbenes, Regioselectivity.
Structure and stability of conjugative and cumulative dienes, resonance and molecular orbital structure of allene and 1,3-butadiene; methods of preparation, addition of hydrogen halides to conjugated dienes – 1,4 v/s 1,2 addition (formation, structure and stability of allylic carbocation and free radicals). An elementary concept of orbital symmetry & it’s application to Diels-Alder reaction. Allylic and benzylic bromination.
Nomenclature, Formation and reactions of alkynes,structure& stability, acidity, electrophilic and nucleophilic additions. Hydration to form carbonyl compounds, alkylation of terminal alkynes, reduction of alkynes –catalytic hydrogenation, dissolving metal reduction.
- Organic Chemistry; Fourth Edition, Indian Edition; G. Marc Loudon; Oxford University Press, New York,2008.
- Organic Chemistry; Sixth Edition; G. Marc Loudon, J. Parise; WH Freeman, New York, 2015.
- Organic Chemistry; Seventh Edition; R. T. Morrison, R. N. Boyd, S.K. Bhattacharjee; Pearson Education India, New Delhi, 2010.
- Reaction Mechanism in Organic Chemistry; Third Edition; S.M. Mukherjee and S.P. Singh; Laxmi Publications, New Delhi, 2007.
