Green Chemistry                                                                                                    

Green Chemistry & sustainability, twelve principles of green chemistry, atom economy, E-factor, green chemistry tools.

Solvents:Types based on hazards, applications, green solvents-supercritical fluids, ionic liquids, water, solvent free solid phase reaction.

Alternative energy sources, ultrasound, microwave, reactions at high pressure in constrained media, renewable sources, C1 chemistry.

Green catalysts-types, advantages and disadvantages, applications in organic synthesis.

Synthesis (Green Methods / Conventional Methods)                                             (30 Hours)

1. One step synthesis
   • Aldol condensation (Synthesis of dibenzal propanone)
   • Acetylation (synthesis of acetanilide from aniline)
   • Pechmann Condensation for Coumarin synthesis (Clay catalyzed solid state synthesis of 7- hydroxy -4-methyl coumarin)
   • Bromination of phenol

2. Two step synthesis (any three)
   • Benzoin → benzil → benzilic acid
   • Benzophenone → benzopinacol → benzopinacolone
   • Acetanilide → p-bromoacetanilide → p-bromoaniline
   • Acetanilide → p-nitroacetanilide → p-nitroaniline
   • Resorcinol → fluorescein → eosin
   • Phthalic anhydride → phthalimide → anthranilic acid

Extraction of Organic Compounds from Natural Resources (any three)               

• Isolation of caffeine from tea leaves.
• Isolation of casein from milk.
• Isolation of lactose from milk.
• Isolation of nicotine dipicrate from tobacco.

Spectroscopy                                                                                                             

Identification of organic compounds (with emphasis on isomeric studies and calculation of % ratio of tautomers) by the spectral analysis.

Spectrophotometric Estimations (any three)                                                          

• Protein
• Carbohydrate
• Cholesterol
• Phosphate
• Ascorbic acid

Scheme of Examination

The duration of examination will be 6 hrs.

The following exercises will be set in the examination

Organic Synthesis                                                         26 marks

Spectral Problems                                                          14 marks

Spectrophotometric Estimation                                      15 marks

Viva                                                                             15 marks

Total                                                                               70 marks

1.Organic ynthesis

This exercise carries 26 marks. Either 2 one step synthesis or two step synthesis will be allotted to the candidates by lot. The yield, purity, crystallization and recording of m.p. will be given due consideration while awarding marks. 

2.Spectral Problems

This exercise carries 14 marks. The students may be provided with either spectral problems or data base problems.

3.Spectrophotometric Estimation

This exercise carries 15 marks. Three marks are reserved for the preparatory work, setting up of an instrument and experimental skills. The distribution of remaining 12 marks are as follows.

Correct observation and proper recording                                   4 marks

Standard curve                                                                         4 marks

Result                                                                                      4marks

4.Viva

Oral questions shall generally be asked over the work assigned to the candidate. The purpose is to find out as to what extent the candidate has understanding the basic principles of chemistry.