RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Meaning, Scope, Primary Sources of Literature Survey, Journals, Patents Etc., Secondary Sources of Literature Survey, Books, Reference Books, Listing of Journals.

Chemical Literature:

• The structure of chemical information, important paper-based and electronic-based sources, and how to find chemical information on the specific compound and its chemistry.
• Abstracts and journals in chemistry, electronic forms of journals, major libraries, and subscribing journals related to chemistry in the region.
• Patents and patent writing, parts of the patent application, and characteristics of the disclosure for an invention.
• IPR (Intellectual Property Rights), Types, objectives, Libations, Agreements, Laws, and Government Enforcement.

Scientific Document, Organization, and writing of research papers short communications review articles, monographs, technical and survey reports, authored books, and edited books and dissertations

Laboratory Work for Computer Application in Chemistry  
Computer programming based on numerical methods as per the details required for publishing a research paper in a journal of national and international repute.

Application of standard software like; Chemdraw, generation of graphs, datasheet creations tables, and other related software.

Variables: Independent and dependent variables, qualitative and quantitative variables, discrete and continuous variables measurement, and methods of controlling variables.

Sampling: Meaning characteristics of a good sample design, types advantages

Processing and Analysis of Data: Processing operations, editing, coding, classification and tabulation of data, element of data analysis, the role of statistics in data analysis, statistical tables.
Report Writing: Types, and format of writing the report.
Probability: Basic aspects, probability of the combination of events, probability, and distribution of random variables.

Statistical Methods: Measures of Central Tendency-Mean, Median, Mode,       Arithmetic, Geometric and Harmonic Mean.

Common Distribution Functions: Binomial probability distribution, Poisson, and normal distribution curve.

Standard Deviation and Standard Error

Test of significance: t-test, chi-test, ANOVA, F-test

General considerations, filtration techniques, hot filtration, recrystallization techniques, and common solvents for recrystallization use of decolorizing carbon.
Principles of distillation, fractional, steam, and vacuum distillation. Solvent extraction, extraction of liquids and solids. Drying of liquids or solvents. Isolation and purification of organic compounds (solids and liquids) with a special emphasis on chromatographic techniques. Principles of TLC, HPTLC, Column Chromatography & HPLC.  An introduction to Flash chromatography.

Handling of hazardous chemicals, incompatible chemicals, flammable solvents, fire hazards in the chemical laboratory, control of fire, fire extinguishers, the toxicity of chemicals, forms of toxic materials, personal protective equipment health effects and first aid, MSDS (material safety data sheet) use of compressed gases,   waste minimization strategies and chemical waste disposal, procedures for neutralization of strong acids and strong bases.