Selected Topics in Organic Chemistry

Configuration, chirality and asymmetry, molecules with one, two or more chiral centres, configuration nomenclature, Prelog’s rule, D/L and R/S types of racemates and methods of resolution.
Prochirality, topicity of ligands and faces and their nomenclature, stereogenicity, pseudoasymmetry, planar chirality, axial chirality, optical purity, chirogenicity, stereogenic and prochiral centres.
Optical activity in the absence of chiral carbons, biphenyls, allenes, alkyldienes, cycloalkyldienes, spiranes, ansa compounds, adamantanes, and cyclophanes, chirality due to helical shape (P & M), chirality in the compounds containing N, S and P.

Conformation and stability of cyclohexanes (mono-, di-, and trisubstituted), cyclohexenes, cyclohexanones, halocyclohexanones, decalins, decalols and decalones, effect of conformation on reactivity, strain in cycloalkanes.
Chiral synthesis, stereoselective and stereospecific synthesis, Felkin-anh rule, CD, ORD, octant rule, Cotton effect and their application in determination of absolute and relative configuration and conformation, the axial haloketone rule.
Chiral auxiliary and chiral pool.

An introduction to synthons and synthetic equivalents, disconnection approach, functional group inter-conversions, the importance of the order of events in organic synthesis, chemoselectivity, reversal of polarity, one group C-X and two group C-X and C-C disconnections, Diels- Alder reaction, 1, 3 and 1, 5difunctionalised compounds, a,ß-unsaturated carbony1 compounds, cyclisation reactions, amine synthesis; Principle of protection of alcohol, amine, carbonyl and carboxyl groups. 

1. Metal mediated C- C and C-X coupling reactions : Suzuki, Heck. Stille, Sonogashira cross coupling, Buchwald-Hartwig amination and Negishi, Kumada coupling reactions. Umpolung.
2. C=C Formation Reactions: Wittig reactions and its modifications, Shapiro, Bamford-Stevens. Julia-Lythgoe olefination and Peterson’s stereoselective olefination, phosphorus, sulphur and nitrogen ylides, Stork-enamine reaction.
3. Multicomponent Reactions: Mannich, Biginelli, Hantzsch, Passerini. Ugi reaction.
4. Ring Formation Reactions: Pausan-Khand reaction, Bergman cyclisation, Nazarov cyclisation.
5. Click Chemistry: Criteria for Click reaction, Sharpless azide cycloadditions.            
6. Olefin metathesis: Shrock’s, Grubb’s 1^st and 2^nd generation catalyst. Grubb-Hoveyda catalyst, olefin cross metathesis (OCM), ring closing metathesis (RCM), ring opening metathesis (ROM) and applications.

Basic principles of green chemistry, applications of non-conventional techniques in organic synthesis and natural products (ultrasonic, microwave and electro synthesis). Solid state synthesis and synthesis under solvent free conditions. Use of ionic solvents, biocatalysts, nanoparticles etc.