Spectral Techniques in Organic Chemistry

Paper Code: 
CHY 612
Credits: 
3
Contact Hours: 
45.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Course Objectives:

This course will enable the students to –

  1. apprise the learners with the instrumentation involved in the various spectroscopic techniques.
  2. enable them to understand and apply the key concepts of spectroscopy in the elucidation, characterization and inference of the relevant structural information of various known organic molecules and to make them extend the same to unknown organic compounds.

Course Outcomes (COs):

Course

Learning outcomes

(at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment

Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

CHY612

Spectral Techniques in Organic Chemistry              

The students will be able to –

CO158: differentiate between the principles of various spectroscopic methods and work on problems of different regions of EMR Spectrum.CO159: identify the suitable technique for a class of molecules based on selection rules and fundamental theory of spectroscopy.

CO160: differentiate between compounds of different electronic, structural and functional constitution in 13C-NMR using the basic theoretical knowledge of techniques like COSY and NOSEY

CO161: interpret and distinguish between the structures of simple compounds using the Mass, IR and NMR spectra.

CO162: predict the λmax for different organic compounds using Woodward-Feiser rules.

CO163: associate advanced applications like MRI with the NMR principles and theory.

Interactive Lectures

 

Demonstrations

 

Discussions

 

Tutorials

 

Quiz Problem solving

 

Continuous Assessment (Written test)

 

Quiz

 

Closed-book and open-book tests

 

Assignment

 

Group Activity

 

Semester End Exam

 

 

 

9.00
Unit I: 
Basic Elements of spectroscopy & UV Spectroscopy

General principles : Different regions  of electromagnetic radiation, quantisation of energy, regions of the spectrum. Introduction to absorption and emission spectroscopy.

UV Spectroscopy: Types of electronic transitions, λmax, chromophores and auxochromes, bathochromic and hypsochromic shifts, intensity of absorption, application of Woodward Rules for calculation of λmax for the following systems: α,β unsaturated aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and esters; Conjugated dienes: alicyclic, homoannular and heteroannular; Extended conjugated systems (aldehydes, ketones and dienes); Distinction between cis and trans isomers.

 

8.00
Unit II: 
IR Spectroscopy

Fundamental and non-fundamental molecular vibrations; IR absorption positions of O, N and S containing functional groups; Effect of H- bonding, conjugation, effect of resonance and ring size on IR absorptions; Fingerprint region and its significance; Overtones, Fermi resonance , Applications in functional group analysis.

10.00
Unit III: 
1H NMR Spectroscopy

Basic principles of Proton Magnetic Resonance, chemical shift and factors influencing it; Spin – Spin coupling and coupling constant; Anisotropic effects in alkene, alkyne, aldehydes and aromatics; Interpretation of NMR spectra of simple compounds like ethyl acetate, ethyl alcohol, acetaldehyde, 1,2 dibromo ethane, ethyl bromide etc.

8.00
Unit IV: 
13C NMR Spectroscopy and Combined Applications

13C NMR spectroscopy: General considerations, chemical shift, (aliphatic, olefinic, alkyne, aromatic, heteroaromatic & carbonyl carbon), proton (1H) coupled 13C NMR spectrum, off resonance (elementary idea of 2D NMR spectroscopy: COSY, NOESY NMR spectra), Structural determination of simple organic compounds using UV, IR &1H NMR spectral data.

10.00
Unit V: 
Mass Spectroscopy

Introduction, instrumentation, molecular ion-production, determination of molecular  weight – molecular ion peak, base peak, nitrogen rule, isotope peak, metastable ions; fragmentation – basic fragmentation types and rules, factors influencing fragmentation, McLafferty rearrangement, fragmentation pattern of hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, amines, nitro compounds, alicyclic and heterocyclic compounds.

References: 
  • Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds, Eighth Edition; R.M. Silverstein, F.X. Webster, David J.Kiemie and David L. Bryce; John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Singapore, 2014.
  • Applications of Spectroscopy; Third Edition; William Kemp; Palgrave Publisher Ltd., New York, 2004.
  • Stereochemistry: Conformation and Mechanism; Tenth Edition; P.S. Kalsi; New Age International Publishers Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, 2019.
Academic Year: 
2020-2021
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