NATURAL PRODUCTS, DYES AND SYNTHETIC DRUGS

Paper Code: 
CHY 602
Credits: 
3
Contact Hours: 
45.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Course Objectives:

This course will enable the students to -

  • understand the chemistry of natural products.
  • have an insight about the synthesis and utility of synthetic dyes and drugs.

 

Course Outcomes (COs):

Course Outcomes

Teaching learning strategies

Assessment

strategies

  
 

On completion of this course, the students will be able to-

CO85: classify different types of alkaloids and discuss their chemistry & medicinal importance.

CO86: discuss the chemistry and synthetic importance of terpenoids.

CO87: identify the role of steroids in human physiology

CO88: classify different dyes on the basis of their applications, synthesize and correlate their structure and reactivity.

CO89: explain the drug-target and enzyme-based mechanisms in drug chemistry

CO90: describe the structure and medicinal importance of prescribed antipyretic, analgesics, antibiotics, antimalarials and sulpha drugs.
  • Class lectures
  • Tutorials
  • Group discussions
  • Use of models
  • Assertion and reasoning
  • Technology enabled learning
  • Peer learning

 
  • Oral and written examinations
  • Problem solving exercises
  • Assignments
  • Quiz
  • Efficient delivery using seminar presentations
  • Group activity
  • Multiple choice questions
  • Short answer type questions
  • Assertion and reasoning

 

 

  
 

 

9.00
Unit I: 
Alkaloids

Natural occurrence, isolation and physiological action, general structure elucidation, Hoffmann’s exhaustive methylation and Emde’s modification. Structure elucidation and synthesis of Hygrine and Nicotine.
Medicinal importance of Nicotine, Hygrine, Quinine, Morphine, Cocaine, and Reserpine.

 

9.00
Unit II: 
Terpenoids & Carotenoids

Occurrence, classification, isoprene rule, structure elucidation and synthesis of citral and menthol.
Carotenoids- brief idea, types, synthesis of β-carotene.

 

9.00
Unit III: 
Steroids

Steroids- elementary idea of sex hormones & bile acids.
Basic skeleton, Diel’s hydrocarbon and colour reactions of steroids.
Structure and properties of cholesterol, androsterone, testosterone and estrone (No structure elucidation required).

 

9.00
Unit IV: 
Synthetic Dyes

Colour and constitution (electronic concept), classification of dyes, chemistry and synthesis of methyl orange, congo red, malachite green, crystal violet, phenolphthalein, fluorescein, alizarin and indigo.

9.00
Unit V: 
Synthetic Drugs

Drug target understanding, drug metabolism, anti-metabolite.
Introduction of enzymes, lock and key theory, enzyme inhibitor, agonist, antagonist and examples.
Synthesis and Medicinal applications of-
Sulpha drugs- sulphadiazine (sulpha pyrimidine), sulpha guanidine, sulphamethazine, sulpha pyridine.
Analgesics- aspirin, phenacetin, paracetamol.
Antimalarials- chloroquine, pamaquine.
Antibiotics-  penicillin, streptomycin and chloramphenicol.

 

Essential Readings: 
  • Organic Chemistry, Vol. II, Sixth Edition; I.L. Finar; Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2013.
  • Organic Chemistry, Sixth Edition; R. T. Morrison, R. N. Boyd; Pearson Education India, New Delhi, 2017.
  • Medicinal Chemistry Vol. I, First Edition; A. Kar; New Age International (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 2020.

 

References: 

SUGGESTED READING:

  • Organic Chemistry, Sixth Edition; G. Marc Loudon, J. Parise; WH Freeman, New York, 2015.
  • Organic Chemistry, Twelfth Edition; T.W. Graham Solomons, Craig B. Fryhle, S.A. Syndes; John Wiley and Sons, Inc. USA, 2016.

 

e-RESOURCES:

 

Academic Year: 
2022-2023
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