To learn about the extra stability of some molecules through aromaticity and Huckel’s rule and also about restricted and free rotation, molecular symmetry, enantiomeric and diastereomeric conditions.
Pre requisite: Nomenclature of benzene derivatives (mono and disubstituted), physical properties
Introduction to aromatic compounds: Benzene, structure and stability, M.O concept, resonance and resonance energy; aromaticity and Huckel’s (4n+2) rule, magnetic criteria.
Aromatic electrophilic substitution – general pattern of the mechanism, s and p complexes, energy profile diagram, activating and deactivating effects of substituents, orientation, o/p ratio, halogenation, nitration, sulphonation and desulphonation, friedel crafts alkylation and acylation; side chain halogenation of alkyl benzenes (toluene, ethyl benzene), Birch reduction
Self Study: Hydrogenation of benzene derivatives, industrial use of aromatic hydrocarbons
Nomenclature, method of preparation, chemical reactions, theory of strainless rings, cyclopropane and its reactivity with halogens.
Newman, Fischer, Sawhorse and Flying-wedge formula; conformation of ethane, n-butane and cyclohexane – axial and equitorial bonds, conformational analysis of monosubstituted and disubstituted cyclohexane (dimethyl cylcohexane), concepts of conformational locking; chair conformation of α and β glucose and their stability.