Environmental Chemistry

Paper Code: 
CHY-514
Credits: 
3
Contact Hours: 
45.00
10.00
Unit I: 
General Aspects of Environment

Concept of Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Components (Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere and Biosphere); Composition of Air, water, soil; Atmosphere and its interaction with Hydrosphere, Lithosphere and Biosphere. Vertical temperature and vertical structure of the atmosphere. Environmental pollution-An Introduction, Pollutants, Types & Classification of Pollutants. An introduction to Biogeochemical Cycles in Environment-detailed study of Nitrogen cycle; Biological Control of Chemical factors in the Environment; Production and Decomposition in nature; Bio distribution of elements.

7.00
Unit II: 
Air and Energy

Introduction; Chemical and Photochemical reactions in the atmosphere; Effects and control of air pollutants-Gaseous, Particulates; air pollution meteorology. Climate change in the future: Predictions, Consequences and controls Renewable Energy; Alternative clean fuels- Solar, Hydrogen, Nuclear etc.

10.00
Unit III: 
Enhanced Atmospheric Effects

Green House Effect : Green house gases; Major sources of green house gases; Green house effect and climate change.

Acid Rain: Introduction; acid rain precursor, their aqueous and gas phase atmospheric oxidation reactions; damaging effects on aquatic life, plants, buildings and health; acid rain control strategies.

Ozone depletion : Ozone layer and its chemistry; high absorption by molecules; biological consequences of ozone depletion; creation; non-catalytic and catalytic process of ozone destruction; AerosolsSmog formation.

 

10.00
Unit IV: 
Environmental Toxicology

Introduction; threshold limiting value (TLV); Toxicity and control of Toxicants-- Non Metallic Compounds, Asbestos, Organic Compounds, Endocrine Disrupters, Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP’s), Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB’s), Dioxins, Pesticides, Phthalates, Heavy Metals- As, Hg, Cd, Pb.

Nuclear Pollution: Disposal of nuclear waste, nuclear disaster and its Management.

 

8.00
Unit V: 
Green Chemistry

History, Need and Goals. Green Chemistry and Sustainability and background of Green Chemistry.

Twelve Basic principles of Green Chemistry, Designing a Green Synthesis.

References: 
  1. Environmental Chemistry, Sixth Edition; Stanley E. Manahan; Lewis publishers, Boston.
  2. Environmental Chemistry, First Edition; Colin Baird; W.H. Freeman and company, New York, 1998.
  3. Environmental Chemistry, Fourth Edition; A. K. De; New Age International Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2003
  4. Chemistry of the Environment, Second Edition; Thomas G. Spiro & William M. Stigliani; Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2002.
  5. Environmental Chemistry, A Global Perspective; Gary W. Vanloon & Stephen J. Duffy; Oxford University Press, New York, 2000.
  6. Green Chemistry: Introductory Text. M. Lancaster Royal Society of Chemistry (London)

 

Academic Year: